Fig. 7
From: Monitoring lava lake fluctuations and crater refilling with continuous laser rangefinders
Rainfall-triggered outgassing and lava level change. A-C) Timelapse camera images showing the lava lake in Halemaʻumaʻu before, during and after a brief intense rainstorm (cloudburst). Note an increase in spattering during the rainfall, as well as heavy steaming. D) Lava lake elevation from the continuous laser rangefinder, showing a one-meter drop during the cloudburst. E) Rain gauge data from nearby station UWE (about 2 km away), showing a sharp increase in rain around 13:00. F) Real-time seismic amplitude measurement (RSAM) from station WRM (about 1 km away) shows a possible increase around the time of the cloudburst that may represent increased tremor, presumably associated with the increased spattering. Other RSAM spikes could be earthquakes or brief spattering events