Figure 7
From: Reducing risk from lahar hazards: concepts, case studies, and roles for scientists
Types of lahar diversion structures. (A) Engineered channel reach in small river draining Sakurajima volcano in southern Japan, where channel is revetted with reinforced concrete and engineered to be as steep, narrow, and smooth as possible, in order to divert lahars away from a developed area. (B) Training dike revetted with steel sheet piles on the lower flank of Usu volcano, Japan and designed to deflect lahars away from buildings and other infrastructure. USGS photos by TCP.